Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi)
The Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) (e-ISSN:2442-9740; p-ISSN:1978-3728) is published by the Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga. Its diciplinary focus is dental science and dental hygiene. The Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) is published in English on a quarterly basis with each 50-60 page edition containing between nine and eleven scientific articles on research, study literature and case studies. Contributors to the Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) included: dental researchers, dental practitioners, lecturers, and students drawn from Indonesia and a wide range of other countries.
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<![CDATA[The effects of Anadara granosa shell-Stichopus hermanni on bFGF expressions and blood vessel counts in the bone defect healing process of Wistar rats ]]>
<![CDATA[Rima Parwati Sari]]>;
<![CDATA[Sri Agus Sudjarwo]]>;
<![CDATA[Retno Pudji Rahayu]]>;
<![CDATA[Widyasri Prananingrum]]>;
<![CDATA[Syamsulina Revianti]]>;
<![CDATA[Hansen Kurniawan]]>;
<![CDATA[Aisah Faiz Bachmid]]>
<![CDATA[ Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 50 No. 4 (2017): December 2017 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en ]]>
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DOI: 10.20473/j.djmkg.v50.i4.p194-198
<![CDATA[Background: Bone damage can be caused by various factors with treatment usually involving graft materials being applied to the defective area. Moreover, in the bone defect healing process, blood vessels are also considered to be an important energy source for cell proliferation. One of the angiogenic factors playing an important role in blood vessel formation is basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF). Furthermore, synthesized hydroxyapatite derived from Anadara granosa (AG) shells constitutes one of the potential materials for use in bone graft. The gold sea cucumber genus Stichopus hermanni (SH) possesses the ability to stimulate endothelial progenitor cells inducing bFGF. Purpose: This study aims to investigate the effects of AG shells and SH on bFGF expressions and blood vessel counts within the bone healing process. Methods: Twenty four male Wistar rats were divided into three groups, namely: a control group (C), a treatment group was administered with blood cockle shell (AG), and a treatment group with blood cockle shell and golden sea cucumber (AG+SH). Defects were made on their femurs measuring half the diameter of a circular, no. 018. bur These rats were subsequently sacrificed on day 7 after surgery. The expressions of bFGF were measured by means of IHC technique, while the number of blood vessels was quantified using HE technique. The resulting data was subjected to statistical analysis using an Anova test followed by an LSD test (p < 0.05). Results: The one-way Anova test results combined with those of an LSD test showed there to be significant differences in bFGF expressions and blood vessel counts between the control group (K) and the treatment group (AG) as well as between the treatment group (AG) and the treatment group (AG+SH). Conclusions: A combination of Anadara granosa shell and Stichopus hermanni can increase the expression of bFGF and the number of blood vessels on day 7 during the bone healing process in Wistar rats.]]>
<![CDATA[A comparison of the adhesive strength of zinc phosphate and self-adhesive resin cement as fiber post cementation materials ]]>
<![CDATA[Setyawan Bonifacius]]>;
<![CDATA[Deddy Firman]]>;
<![CDATA[Hasna Djiab]]>
<![CDATA[ Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 50 No. 4 (2017): December 2017 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en ]]>
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DOI: 10.20473/j.djmkg.v50.i4.p226-229
<![CDATA[Background: The use of fiber post has become commonplace among dental practitioners due to its several advantages. In accordance with the intended use of post which provides retention for coronal restoration, a cement is used that can provide high quality adhesion. Conventional resin cement has long been adopted as a cementation material for consumer fiber post. However, allowing attachment fiber post failure due to errors in the cementing procedure leads to complications. Purpose: This study aimed to compare the adhesion strength of zinc phosphate cement and self-adhesive resin cement as fiber post cementation material. Both consumer cements were easy to use and cheap. Methods: The samples used numbered up to 20 and were divided into two groups. group 1 used zinc phosphate cement, while group 2 used self-adhesive resin cement. Results: The value of the average adhesion strength of group 1 (zinc phosphate) was 82.65 N, whereas that of group 2 (self-adhesive resin) was 402.81 N. Conclusion: This study concluded that the adhesive strength of self-adhesive resin cement as fiber post cementation material was higher than that of zinc phosphate cement.]]>
<![CDATA[Effects of herbal medicine components on the physical properties of trial denture adhesives ]]>
<![CDATA[Kenichiro Nakai]]>;
<![CDATA[Takeshi Maeda]]>;
<![CDATA[Guang Hong]]>;
<![CDATA[Tadafumi Kurogi]]>;
<![CDATA[Joji Okazaki]]>
<![CDATA[ Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 50 No. 4 (2017): December 2017 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en ]]>
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DOI: 10.20473/j.djmkg.v50.i4.p171-177
<![CDATA[Background: Denture adhesive is widely used in elderly people who wear complete dentures. Chinese herbal medicine has long been used for the treatment of oral disease. The addition of herbal medicine to denture adhesive might be used to develop an adhesive which is effective for xerostomia patients. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate physical properties and cytototoxicity of herbal medicine components in denture adhesive. Methods: This study used a combination of 35wt% PVM-MA, 20wt% CMC, 40wt% white petrolatum and 5wt% liquid paraffin as base materials. Three kinds of herbal medicine components: Maimendong (Ophiopogon), Fuling (Hoelen) and Dongkuizi (Cluster mallow seed) were added to base materials of 1wt%, 5wt% and 10wt%. The initial viscosity was measured using a controlled-stress rheometer (AR-G2). The adhesive strength was quantified according to ISO-10873 recommended procedures. All data was analyzed independently by one-way Anova combined with a Turkey’s multiple comparison test at a 5% level of significance. Results: Significant differences were observed between materials in initial viscosity (p < 0.05). Specifically, samples containing 5wt% and 10wt% of Maimendong (Ophiopogon) showed higher values compared with the control samples. The larger the amounts of herbal medicine components, the greater the changes in the adhesive strength of denture adhesives over time. The denture adhesives containing herbal medicine components do not have a cytotoxic effect and are safe for use in actual clinical practice. Conclusion: The study showed that the addition of herbal medicine components does not affect physical properties (i.e. initial viscosity and adhesive strength) of denture adhesive and cytotoxicity in fibroblast cells.]]>
<![CDATA[The role of cervical vertebrae maturation in defining the chronological age of Down syndrome children ]]>
<![CDATA[Aggiani Dewi Rahmawati]]>;
<![CDATA[Iwan Ahmad]]>;
<![CDATA[Arlette Suzy Setyawan]]>
<![CDATA[ Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 50 No. 4 (2017): December 2017 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en ]]>
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DOI: 10.20473/j.djmkg.v50.i4.p220-225
<![CDATA[Background: The difficulty of determining chronological age is increased in individuals with conditions that may affect normal development. Some systemic conditions in children, for example Down syndrome, may cause abnormal physiological maturation. Skeletal and dental age are considered the most apt physiological age indicators in determining chronological age. Purpose: This study aimed to compare and analyze the relationship between two developmental parameters (dental history and skeletal age) as indicators of the chronological age of children with Down syndrome. Methods: The study design was cross-sectional with a paired t-test to analyze the differences in chronological and dental age of the samples. The radiograph selection was based on purposive sampling. The study material consisted of 30 panoramic radiographs and lateral cephalometrics of 6-14 years old children with Down syndrome and those experiencing normal development (control group) divided into two groups of 15 subjects who attended the Pediatric Dentistry Polyclinic, RSGM, Universitas Padjadjaran. Statistical analysis employed a t-test to determine the difference between chronological and dental age, while a Spearman rank correlation was used to evaluate the correlation between dental and skeletal age. Results: The results showed there to be no statistical difference between chronological and dental age, where p > 0.05, but a significant relationship between dental and skeletal age in children diagnosed with Down syndrome, where p = 0.05. Conclusion: It is concluded that dental age identified by means of the Nolla method is closer to chronological age than skeletal age using the cervical vertebrae maturation method.]]>
<![CDATA[Antioxidant potency of mangosteen peel extract topical application in reversing reduced orthodontic brackets tensile strength after bleaching ]]>
<![CDATA[Ananto Ali Alhasyimi]]>
<![CDATA[ Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 50 No. 4 (2017): December 2017 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en ]]>
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DOI: 10.20473/j.djmkg.v50.i4.p199-204
<![CDATA[Background: Nowadays, cosmetic dentistry has become an ever-increasing requirement with interest in it growing over time. Bleaching is one of the popular cosmetic treatments that has been proven to diminish the tensile bond strength (TBS) of orthodontic brackets attached to bleached teeth. Mangosteen peel (MP) extract contains antioxidants that may potentially reverse the reduction in TBS. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of MP extract on the post- bleaching TBS of brackets. Methods: The reported research constitutes an experimental in vitro study conducted on a total of 120 maxillary first premolar teeth randomly divided into six groups (n = 20) as follows: negative-control (NC: no bleaching), positive-control (PC: bleaching + no treatment), and the treatment groups (bleaching + 10% sodium ascorbate (SA), 10% (MP10), 20% (MP20) and 40% (MP40) MP extract gel). Post-treatment, the brackets were bonded using Transbond XT and TBS testing was performed using a Universal Testing Machine. The ARI was examined by means of a stereoscopic microscope, while enamel morphological changes were observed through a Scanning Electron Microscope. The TBS-generated data was analyzed by means of Anova and Tukey tests. For the Adhesive Remnant Index, a Kruskal-Wallis analysis test was performed. Results: There was a significant TBS difference (P = 0.001) between the various groups. The PC group showed the significantly highest TBS compared to the others (8.33 ± 3.92 MPa), whereas NC demonstrated the lowest (4.15 ± 2.27 Mpa). The TBS value of the MP40 group was considerably higher than other groups treated with antioxidants (7.87 ± 3.26 MPa). The failure of orthodontic brackets using MP extract mostly occurred at the adhesive-bracket interfaces. Conclusion: Topical application of 40% mangosteen peel (MP) extract as an antioxidant after bleaching was effective in reversing the reduced post-bleaching tensile bond strength (TBS) of orthodontic brackets.]]>
<![CDATA[The role of active ingredients nanopowder Stichopus hermanii gel to bone resorption in tension area of orthodontic tooth movement ]]>
<![CDATA[Noengki Prameswari]]>;
<![CDATA[Arya Brahmanta]]>
<![CDATA[ Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 50 No. 4 (2017): December 2017 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en ]]>
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DOI: 10.20473/j.djmkg.v50.i4.p188-193
<![CDATA[Background: Orthodontic tooth movement is a continual and balanced process between bone deposition and bone resorption in pressure and tension sites. Stichopus hermanii is one of the best fishery commodities in Indonesia. It is natural and contains various active ingredients such as hyaluronic acid, chondroitin sulphate, cell growth factor, eicosa pentaenoic acid (EPA) docosa hexaenoic acid (DHA) and flavonoid that potentially play a role in orthodontic tooth movement. Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the active ingredients of nanopowder Stichopus hermanii promoting bone resorption in tension area orthodontic tooth movement. Methods: A quantitative test for active ingredients of stichopus hermanii was conducted. Thirty two male Cavia cobaya were divisibled became four groups. K (–) groups as a negative control group (without treatment), K (+) groups as a positive control group which were provided with a separator rubber for orthodontic tooth movement, and P1, P2 groups, which were treated with 3% and 3.5% stichopus hermanii for orthodontic tooth movement. After treatment the cavia cobaya were sacrificed. TRAP-6 expression as a osteoclast marker was examined by means of an immunohistochemistry method. Results: A one-way Anova test confirmed that TRAP-6 expression was significantly increased with p = 0.00 (p≤0,05) in P2 compared to K (+). P2 to K (–), P2 to P1 and P1 to K (+) had no significant differences Conclusion: Nanopowder Stichopus hermanii 3.5% has an active ingredient that could increase osteoclast activity to resorb periodontal ligament and alveolar bone in tension areas of orthodontic tooth movement.]]>
<![CDATA[Analysis of Ki-67 expression as clinicopathological parameters in predicting the prognosis of adenoid cystic carcinoma ]]>
<![CDATA[Silvi Kintawati]]>;
<![CDATA[Murnisari Darjan]]>;
<![CDATA[Winny Yohana]]>
<![CDATA[ Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 50 No. 4 (2017): December 2017 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en ]]>
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DOI: 10.20473/j.djmkg.v50.i4.p205-210
<![CDATA[Background: Adenoid cystic carcinoma is a malignant salivary gland tumor located in the head and neck region. Although complete surgical resection and complementary radiotherapy have been shown to improve long-term survival rates, the prognosis of adenoid cystic carcinoma remains poor. Ki-67 expression is considered a marker for the cellular proliferation rate, the detection of its expression usually being related to the aggressiveness and unfavorable prognosis of adenoid cystic carcinoma in the salivary gland. Purpose: This study was conducted to quantify the expression of Ki-67 in adenoid cystic carcinoma and to correlate the result with clinical parameters and histopathological grading in determining the prognosis. Methods: Twenty three cases of salivary gland adenoid cystic carcinoma were identified at the Department of Anatomical Pathology, Dr. Hasan Sadikin Hospital between 2013 and 2015. Clinical data such as age, gender, location of tumor and histopathological grading was also collected. The expression of Ki-67 was assessed by immunohistochemical means to determine the correlation of Ki-67 with clinical parameters and histopathological grading. Results: There were no significant differences between the expression of Ki-67 and clinical parameters, although a very strong correlation existed between the expression of Ki-67 and histopathological grading (p < 0.01). Conclusion: There were no correlation between the expression of Ki-67 and clinical parameters, although a correlation existed between the expression of Ki-67 and histopatological grading in salivary gland adenoid cystic carcinoma. Thus, clinical parameters were unusable in determining the prognosis of adenoid cystic carcinoma, although Ki-67 expression could be used for this purpose.]]>
<![CDATA[Effects of filler volume of nanosisal in compressive strength of composite resin ]]>
<![CDATA[Dwi Aji Nugroho]]>;
<![CDATA[W. Widjijono]]>;
<![CDATA[N. Nuryono]]>;
<![CDATA[Widya Asmara]]>;
<![CDATA[Wijayanti Dwi Aastuti]]>;
<![CDATA[Dana Ardianata]]>
<![CDATA[ Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 50 No. 4 (2017): December 2017 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en ]]>
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DOI: 10.20473/j.djmkg.v50.i4.p183-187
<![CDATA[Background: One of the composite resin composition is inorganic filler. The production of inorganic filler materials was highly dependent on non-degradable, and nonrenewable fossil fuels. Therefore, natural fibers can be used as substitute for inorganic fillers. One that can be developed is sisal. Purpose: This study aimed to determine the effects of nanosisal filler volume on compressive strength of composite resin. Methods: In this study, composite resins with nano-sized sisal as filler were manufactured and labeled as nanosisal composites. This research processed sisal fibers into nano size and mixed them with Bis-GMA, UDMA, TEGDMA, Champhorquinone (Sigma Aldrich). Nanofiller composite (Z350 XT, 3M, ESPE) was utilized as a control. The 20 samples utilized were divided into 4 groups (each group containing five samples): Group A contained nanosisal composite of 60% filler volume, group B, nanosisal composite of 65% filler volume, group C, nanosisal composite of 70% filler volume and group D, nanofiller composite (Z350 XT, 3M, ESPE). Samples were 2 mm in diameter and 6 mm in height. The sample was tested for compressive strength using a universal testing machine (UTM). Data was analyzed by means of a Kruskal Wallis procedure. Results: The mean of the compressive strength of the nanosisal composite 60% was 16.80 MPa; the nanosisal composite 65% was 10.80 MPa, the nanosisal composite 70% was 7.20 MPa and the nanofiller composite was 7.40 MPa. There was a significant difference in data analysis (p = 0.033; p < 0.05). Conclusion: In this study, the filler volume of nanosisal influenced the compressive strength of a composite resin and the nanosisal filler volume was recomended at 60%.]]>
<![CDATA[Composite resin shear bond strength on bleached dentin increased by 35% sodium ascorbate application ]]>
<![CDATA[Tunjung Nugraheni]]>;
<![CDATA[N Nuryono]]>;
<![CDATA[Siti Sunarintyas]]>;
<![CDATA[Ema Mulyawati]]>
<![CDATA[ Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 50 No. 4 (2017): December 2017 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en ]]>
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DOI: 10.20473/j.djmkg.v50.i4.p178-182
<![CDATA[Background: Restoration of the teeth immediately after bleaching with 35% hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is contraindicated due to the remnant of free radicals that will stay inside enamel and dentin for 1-3 weeks and reduce the adhesion of composite resin. Sodium ascorbate is an antioxidant substance known to bind free radical residues, thereby shortening the delay in restoration. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the resin bond strength of bleached dentin influenced by the application of 35% sodium ascorbate. Methods: Nine premolars were divided into their crown and root sections, with the crown subsequently being cut into four equal parts to obtain 36 samples. These were then divided into four groups, each containing nine samples. Group A (control): samples were bleached using35% hydrogen peroxide, immersed in an artificial saliva, stored in an incubator at 37°C for seven days and then filled with a composite resin. Group B:samples were also bleached by means of 35% H2O2 followed by one application of 0.025 ml 35% sodium ascorbate for 5 minutes and restored with composite resin. Group C: samples were bleached with 35% H2O2, followed by two applications of 0.025 ml 35% sodium ascorbate for 5 minutes, and restored with a composite resin. Group D: dentin was bleached with 35% H2O2 followed by three applications of 0.025 ml sodium ascorbate 35% for 5 minutes and restored with a composite resin. The shear bond strength of the composite resin was measured by a universal testing instrument (Zwick, USA). Data was analyzed by means of one-way Anova and LSD. Results: The highest mean shear bond strength of composite resin was in group C, while the lowest was in group B. The result of one-way Anova indicated a difference in the shear bond strength of composite resin in the four treatment groups (p < 0.05). An LSD test showed there to be a difference in shear bond strength of composite resin between group A and groups C and D or between group B and groups C and D. There was no difference in shear bond strength of composite resin between group A and group B or between group C and group D. Conclusion: Application frequency of 35% sodium ascorbate affect on shear bond strength of composite resin restoration in bleached dentin by 35% H2O2.]]>
<![CDATA[Comparison of salivary alpha-amylase levels in gingivitis and periodontitis ]]>
<![CDATA[Dyah Nindita Carolina]]>;
<![CDATA[Yanti Rusyanti]]>;
<![CDATA[Agus Susanto]]>
<![CDATA[ Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 50 No. 4 (2017): December 2017 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en ]]>
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DOI: 10.20473/j.djmkg.v50.i4.p216-219
<![CDATA[Background: The development of periodontal disease is influenced by bacteria-plaque, while there are also several factors modifying the host’s response, one of which is psychological stress. Alpha-amylase as a biomarker is also associated with periodontal inflammatory disease. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the difference of alpha-amylase level between gingivitis and periodontitis. Methods: This research constitutes a descriptive study involving 44 subjects, divided into two groups: one of 22 gingivitis subjects and the other of 22 periodontitis subjects. These individuals completed a PSS-14 questionnaire before their levels of alpha salivary amylase were measured by Cocorometer. Data was analyzed by means of a paired T test and a Mann Whitney test with p < 0.05. Results: There were significant differences between the alpha-amylase levels of gingivitis and periodontitis. However, no significant contrast existed in the PSS-14 scores of the two periodontal disease groups. Conclusion: In conclusion alpha-amylase levels in the periodontitis group were higher than those in the gingivitis group and could be used as marker indicators of stress.]]>
